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Ax Tamara Island (also known as Aghtamar, Akhtamar, and Aght'amar; Kurdish: Ax Tamara, Turkish: Akdamar Adası; Armenian: Աղթամար, Armenian pronunciation: [ɑχtʰɑmɑr]) is a small island in Lake Van in the northern Kurdistan , about 0.7 km2 in size, situated about 3 km from the shoreline. At the western end of the island a hard, grey, limestone cliff rises 80 m above the lake's level (1,912 m above sea level). The island declines to the east to a level site where a spring provides ample water. It is home to a tenth century Armenian church, known as the Cathedral Church of the Holy Cross (915-921), and was the seat of an Armenian